Paper manufacture



Original Filed Oct. 6, 1923 ATTORNEY Patented June 11, 1929. v

UNITED STATES 1,716,776 PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN ALLEN HEANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO WORLD BESTOS CORPORATION, OF ZPATERSON, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

PAPER MANUFACTURE Application filed October 6, 1923, Serial No. 666,879. Renewed November 6, 1928.

This invention relates generally to the manufacture of paper. Specifically, the invention relates to a paper and a process for making the paper which involves carding the stock fibre, cohering the fibre with a binder, calendering the formed fabric to a uniform thickness and drying the fabric. The invention has Special utility when applied to the manufacture of paper strip, which is subsequently usable in various yarns or as wire wrappings;

in paper manufacture, it is usual to beatthe pulp in a hollander or beating machine with asuitable fibre and size and then transfor the pulp to a drying and calendering apparatus. The fibres of the stock in this process are, of course, more or less intertwisted and matted. In the case of yarns made from long-fibred stock, as cotton, the stock is carded and drawn to remove tangle and align the fibres in a'desired direction as parallel with the axis, and the sliver formed by this process is later given a small twist to form what is known as a roving so that the material may be readily handled. The carding operation gives greater smoothness and uniformity to the product and enhances markedly the tensile strength thereof.

It is an important object of this invention,

therefore, to utilize in a single process the carding operation employed in yarn manufacture in conjunction with certain steps of paper manufacture. It is an object also to obtain a paper fabric having relatively high uniformity, smoothness and tensile strength as compared with paper of the usual matted formation. An object also contemplated is the provision of a paper fabric having straightened and aligned fibres. Another obj ect is to provide means for forming pulp into paper strip by a continuous operation which involves a carding step.

Various other objects will be apparent, such as relate to details of the process and product, on consideration of the embodiment of the invention herein described and which may be preferred and which is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic showing of the apparatus.

Referring to the drawing, there is indicated a portion of a carding cylinder 10 in juxtaposition with a dotfer 11. For the purposes of the invention the stock is formed into strips which may be used as tape for miscellaneous'uses in the arts or as a fabric to be utilized as a wrapping material for filamentary core in the manufacture of reinforced yarns. In accordance with this purpose, therefore, the raw material is fed to the card ing machine as a web or band and then with fibres straightened is removed from the doffer 11 by reciprocating combs 12 in a plurality of slivers 13 which are led over the conveyor 14: between the binder rolls 15 and 16.

The roll 15 is rotatable in a vat 17, containing binder solution such as starch or dextrine androtation thereof carries up the liquid intocontact with'the slivers impregnating them and binding the loose fibres together into coherent stiips. This action is aided by the pressure roller 16 which presses and mats the fibres together. In addition to the binder, a filler may also. be suspended in solution in the vat 17 to be applied to the slivers. Suitable heating means, as, for example, a steam pipe coil, if requisite, may be applied to the vat 17.

Adjoining the binder rolls 15, 16 are the calender rolls 18 and 19 which reduce the slivers to the desired thickness and render smooth the surfaces thereof by drawing the fibres longitudinally and by compacting them together by the pressure ofthe weighted rolls. Subsequent to this operation, the slivers are led over the hollow drying rolls 20, 21 and 22,-which are heated by steam or other heat- 1 ed gases passing through the hollow interiors thereof,-and finally rolled as a final product 23 in rolls 24 over friction rolls 25.

The final strip or tape 23 is a smooth fabric containing no loose fibres on its surfaces and possessing a uniform thickness throughout, free from bunched spotsand other defects. The longitudinal lay of the fibre very materially enhances the utility of the same for such uses as demand tensile strength as in yarns. By the process described, material unusable, or when used defective, because of the matted structure of the fabric and the non-coherency resulting therefrom, becomes usable and useful. Asbestos fibre stock with its short fibre structure can be employed very advantageously by this method in a variety of uses. As a yarn, short fibred asbestos strip compacted on a reinforcing core is usable in all phases of industry where long-fibred or cotton reinforced yarns are employed and in arts where high temperatures are normally present, these fabrics are indispensable.

to the desired lengths as desired, either in the process of making or after completion thereof.

It is apparent that within the spirit of the invention, modifications and different atrangements may be made other than as herein disclosed, and the present disclosure is illustrative merely, the invention comprehending all possible variations illustrated.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States and claim is:

1. A process of making paper strip which consists in forming the raw stock into a web; saturating the web in a moistening and bmding solution; compressing and stretching the web between calendering rolls, and then drying the web.

2. A process of making paper which consists in forming the raw stock into a web; saturating the web in a moistening solution; calendering the moistened web; and finally drying the Web while under tension.

3. A process of making paper which consists in forming the raw stock into a web; saturating the web in a binding solution; calendering the moistened web; and finally drying the web while under tension.

.4. A process of making paper which con sists in forming the raw stock into a web; saturating the web in a moistening solution; cal endering and stretching the moistened web; and finally drying the web.

5. A process of making asbestos paper strip which consists in forming asbestos fibrous material into a web; dividing the web into strips; saturating the strips in a solution containing a binder; and calendering and stretching the strips.

6. A process of making" asbestos paper strip whichconsists in forming fibrous asbestos material into a web; dividing the web into strips; saturating the stri s in a solution containing a binder and a fi ler; and calendering and stretching the strips.

7. A process of making paper like, asbestos strip which consists in forming the raw stock ofasbestos fibers into a web; dividing the web into strlps; moistening the strips in a solution containing a binder; calendering and stretching the strips; and finall drying the strips.

8. A process of ma ing asbestos paper which consists in forming the raw stock of asbestos fibers into a web; moistening the web in a solution containing a binder and a filler; compressing and stretching the moistened web between pressure rolls; and finally drying the web.

9. A process of making asbestos paper which comprises, forming asbestos fibres into a web, moistening said web with a solution of binding material and pressing and stretching said web in a lengthwise direction.

10. A process of making asbestos paper which comprises forming asbestos fibres into a web, moistening said web with a solution of binding material and passing said web through sets of pressing rollers at progressively iricreasing speeds to compact and draw said fibres into a lengthwise direction.

11. A process of making asbestos paper which comprises, forming asbestos fibres into a web, moistening said web with a. solution of binding material, drawing said fibres into a general lengthwise position and drying said web.

12. A paper like asbestos strip having asbestos fibres felted and compacted in a general lengthwise direction.

13. A paper like asbestos strip having asbestos fibres felted and compacted with a binder and lying in a general lengthwise aligned direction.

14. A paper like asbestos strip comprised substantially of asbestos fibres and a binder, said asbestos fibres being felted in a generally aligned, lengthwise direction. i

15. A process of making asbestos paper which comprises carding fibrous asbestos material and forming it into a web, moistening web with binding material, and calenderlllg the moistened web.

16. A process of making asbestos paper which comprises forming fibrous asbestos material into a web, straightening the fibres in said 'web and securing them together by means of binding material, and calendering the web.

17. A process of making asbestos paper which comprises forming fibrous asbestos material into a web with the fibres extending in a generally longitudinal direction, securing said fibres together with binding material, and compressing said web.

118. A process of making asbestos paper which comprises forming asbestos material into a web with the fibres extending in a generally longitudinal direction, and securing said fibres together with binding material.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature.

JOHN ALLEN HEANY. 

